Lupus is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects various parts of the body, including the joints, skin, and organs. However, one of the most serious and often overlooked complications of lupus is its impact on heart health. Studies show that people with lupus are at a higher risk for heart disease, including strokes and heart attacks—even at a young age.
So why does this happen, and more importantly, what can you do to protect your heart? Let’s break it down.
Why Does Lupus Increase Heart Disease Risk?
Lupus affects heart health in several ways:
- Chronic Inflammation: Ongoing inflammation damages blood vessels, increasing the risk of cholesterol buildup and blockages.
- Autoimmune Attack on the Heart: Lupus can cause inflammation in the heart muscle, the lining around the heart, or the arteries.
- Higher Risk of Blood Clots: People with lupus are more prone to blood clots, which can lead to strokes or heart attacks.
- Medication Side Effects: Some lupus medications, such as steroids, can increase blood pressure, raise blood sugar levels, and lead to weight gain—all risk factors for heart disease.
Common Heart Issues in Lupus Patients
If you have lupus, here are some heart-related conditions to be aware of:
- Atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries): Lupus patients develop plaque buildup earlier than the general population.
- Pericarditis: Inflammation of the sac around the heart, which can cause chest pain.
- Myocarditis: Inflammation of the heart muscle that can lead to heart failure if untreated.
- Arrhythmias: Lupus can cause irregular heartbeats, increasing the risk of stroke.
Warning Signs of Heart Disease in Lupus
Recognizing symptoms early is critical. Watch for:
- Chest pain or tightness
- Shortness of breath, especially during activity
- Fatigue that feels worse than usual
- Swelling in the legs or feet
- Irregular heartbeat or palpitations
If you experience any of these symptoms, consult your doctor immediately.
How to Reduce Your Heart Disease Risk
The good news? You can take proactive steps to protect your heart:
- Control Inflammation: Take lupus medications as prescribed and minimize steroid use when possible. Anti-inflammatory supplements, like omega-3 fatty acids, may also help.
- Monitor Cholesterol & Blood Pressure: Get regular checkups, eat a heart-healthy diet, and limit processed foods, sugar, and salt.
- Maintain a Healthy Weight: Lupus can make exercise challenging, but low-impact activities like walking, swimming, and yoga support heart health.
- Stop Smoking & Limit Alcohol: Smoking significantly increases heart disease risk, and alcohol can interfere with lupus medications.
- Monitor for Blood Clots: If you have antiphospholipid syndrome, discuss blood thinners with your doctor. Stay hydrated and avoid long periods of inactivity.
FAQs About Lupus and Heart Disease
1. If I don’t have heart symptoms, should I still be concerned?
Yes! Heart disease can develop silently, so regular checkups are essential.
2. What heart tests should I ask my doctor about?
Request cholesterol tests, blood pressure checks, echocardiograms, and coronary calcium scoring if you have high-risk factors.
3. Can lupus treatments help lower my heart risk?
Absolutely! Controlling lupus inflammation with the right medications significantly reduces heart complications.
Final Thoughts
Lupus increases heart disease risk, but you have the power to protect yourself. By managing inflammation, maintaining a heart-healthy lifestyle, and staying on top of regular checkups, you can reduce your risk and stay healthier in the long run.
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