Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks the joints, causing pain, stiffness, and swelling. If left untreated, it can lead to joint damage and disability. One of the most effective treatments for RA is biologic medication, a targeted therapy that works differently from traditional drugs.

What Are Biologic Medications for RA?

Biologic medications are derived from living cells and specifically block parts of the immune system responsible for inflammation and joint damage. Unlike traditional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) like methotrexate, which broadly suppress the immune system, biologics target specific proteins or cells, such as:

• TNF inhibitors (Humira, Enbrel, Remicade, Simponi, Cimzia)
• Interleukin inhibitors (Actemra, Kevzara, Kineret)
• B cell inhibitors (Rituxan)
• T cell inhibitors (Orencia)

These medications help reduce inflammation, slow joint damage, relieve pain, and improve mobility.

Why Consider Biologics for RA?

Biologic treatments are typically recommended when traditional DMARDs fail to control RA symptoms effectively. Their key benefits include:

• Slowing disease progression and preventing long-term joint damage
• Reducing pain and inflammation more effectively than older treatments
• Improving function and mobility, allowing patients to maintain an active lifestyle
• Providing an option when other treatments fail

Potential Risks of Biologic Treatments

Like any medication, biologics come with potential risks. Some of the most important considerations include:

• Increased risk of infections – Since biologics suppress the immune system, there is a higher chance of infections such as colds, flu, or pneumonia. Screening for tuberculosis and hepatitis is required before starting treatment.
• Injection or infusion reactions – Some patients may experience mild reactions, including redness or swelling at the injection site.
• Potential cancer risk – Some studies suggest a possible increased risk of lymphoma with long-term TNF inhibitor use, though the data is not conclusive.
• High cost – Biologics can be expensive, but insurance and patient assistance programs can help reduce costs.

What to Expect When Starting Biologics

1. Pre-Treatment Screening – Your rheumatologist will check for infections and assess overall health before starting biologics.
2. Choosing the Right Biologic – The selection depends on disease severity, past treatments, and medical history.
3. Administration – Some biologics are self-injected at home, while others require IV infusions at a clinic.
4. Monitoring for Side Effects – Regular follow-ups with your rheumatologist are necessary to track response and side effects.

Common Myths About Biologic Treatments

• Biologics Are Like Steroids – Unlike steroids, biologics do not cause weight gain, bone loss, or metabolic issues. Long-term steroid use is riskier than biologic treatment.
• Biologics Destroy the Immune System – They modulate, not shut down, the immune system. Most patients live normal lives with appropriate precautions.
• You Can Stop Biologics Once You Feel Better – Stopping biologics abruptly can cause RA flare-ups. Consult your doctor before making changes to your treatment plan.

Are Biologics Right for You?

If traditional RA treatments have not provided enough relief, a biologic may be the next step. These medications offer better inflammation control, protect joints from damage, and improve quality of life. Talk to a rheumatologist to determine the best treatment option for you.

For expert care, visit ChicagoArthritis.com to schedule a consultation.

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